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William Clark (August 1, 1770 – September 1, 1838) was an American explorer, soldier, Indian agent, and territorial governor.〔Jones, ''William Clark and the Shaping of the West''〕 A native of Virginia, he grew up in prestatehood Kentucky before later settling in what became the state of Missouri. Clark was a planter and slaveholder.〔Jay Buckley, ''William Clark: Indian Diplomat,'' University Oklahoma Press, 2008, pg 20-1〕 Along with Meriwether Lewis, Clark helped lead the Lewis and Clark Expedition of 1803 to 1806 across the Louisiana Purchase to the Pacific Ocean, and claimed the Pacific Northwest for the United States.〔''Native America, Discovered and Conquered: Thomas Jefferson, Lewis and Clark, and Manifest Destiny'' Robert Miller, Bison Books, 2008 pg 108〕 Before the expedition, he served in a militia and the United States Army. Afterward, he served in a militia and as governor of the Missouri Territory. From 1822 until his death in 1838, he served as Superintendent of Indian Affairs. ==Early life== William Clark was born in Caroline County, Virginia, on August 1, 1770, the ninth of ten children of John and Ann Rogers Clark.〔Foley, ''Wilderness Journey'', 2–3〕〔Jones, "William Clark and the Shaping of the West," 13–23〕 His parents were natives of King and Queen County, and were of English and possibly Scots ancestry.〔Foley, ''Wilderness Journey'', 2.〕 The Clarks were common planters in Virginia, owners of modest estates and a few slaves,〔Foley, ''Wilderness Journey'', 1.〕 and members of the Anglican Church. Clark did not have any formal education; like many of his contemporaries, he was tutored at home. In later years, he was self-conscious about his convoluted grammar and inconsistent spelling—he spelled "Sioux" 27 different ways in his journals of the Lewis and Clark Expedition—and sought to have his journals corrected before publication.〔Foley, ''Wilderness Journey'', 18.〕 The spelling of American English was not standardized in Clark's youth, but his vocabulary suggests he was well read.〔Foley, ''Wilderness Journey'', 19.〕 Clark's five older brothers fought in Virginia units during the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), but William was too young.〔 His oldest brother, Jonathan Clark, served as a colonel during the war, rising to the rank of brigadier general in the Virginia militia years afterward. His second-oldest brother, George Rogers Clark, rose to the rank of general, spending most of the war in Kentucky fighting against British-allied American Indians. After the war, the two oldest Clark brothers made arrangements for their parents and family to relocate to Kentucky. William, his parents, his three sisters, and the Clark family's slaves arrived in Kentucky in March 1785, having first traveled overland to Redstone Landing in present-day Brownsville, Pennsylvania. They completed the journey down the Ohio River by flatboat. The Clark family settled at "Mulberry Hill", a plantation along Beargrass Creek near Louisville. This was William Clark's primary home until 1803. In Kentucky, his older brother George Rogers Clark taught William wilderness survival skills.〔Foley, ''Wilderness Journey'', 13–17.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「William Clark」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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